Saksagan
Chivalry and the Rise of Military Aristocracy
Over time, chivalry changed from an institution meant to protect the weak into a system that often oppressed ordinary people. Initially designed to defend...
The Dark Side of Chivalry
While chivalry is often remembered for its bright displays of armor, tournaments, and noble deeds, its darker aspects cannot be ignored. The reality of...
Chivalry and Religion
In many histories of chivalry, the role of knights as defenders of the Christian religion is praised as one of the institution’s greatest achievements....
Final Words and Future Possibilities
General Classification of the Icons
The icons discussed in this study can be divided into two main categories. The first category includes a small number...
Scholarly References and Comparative Material
Several scholarly publications help us understand the style and context of this icon. For example, studies of Greek and Russian icons in museum collections...
Introduction to the Virgin Hodegetria Icon
The icon of the Virgin Hodegetria presents the Virgin Mary as a half-length figure holding the Christ Child on her left arm. This type...
Later History of the Church of St John
In the tenth century, a small chapel decorated with fresco paintings was built to the north of the Church of St John the Theologian....
The Cross-Shaped Church of St John
The great church built by Emperor Justinian the Great over the tomb of St John the Theologian was designed in the form of a...
The Dedicatory Cross and Early Byzantine Decoration
A dedicatory cross can still be seen carved on the steps of one of the columns flanking the entrance to the southern aisle of...
The Authority of the Patriarch’s Later Testimony
The details given in the patriarch’s later letter are, it is true, not fully in agreement with what he had written earlier in Ancient...
