Gates in the Theodosian Walls
The Second Military Gate
The Theodosian Walls of Constantinople were one of the greatest defense systems of the ancient world. These walls had several gates,...
The Bazaars of Stamboul A Truly Turkish Experience
One of the most fascinating places in Constantinople (now Istanbul) is the bazaars of Stamboul, the old city. These marketplaces are uniquely Turkish and...
The Guilds of Constantinople A Living Tradition
In Constantinople (now Istanbul), many tradesmen and craftsmen still belong to traditional guilds. These guilds were once common all over Europe but disappeared in...
The Historic Khans of Constantinople
In old Constantinople (now Istanbul), there were around 180 khans — large, stone buildings designed to house traveling merchants. These structures are usually two...
The Biblical Story of Hagar and Ishmael and the Sultan’s Religious Power
The Dramatic Story from the Bible
One of the most dramatic and emotional stories in Biblical history involves Abraham, his wife Sarah, and his servant...
Turkish Time, the Crescent Symbol, and the Sultan’s Power
How Muslims Count Time
The Muslim day is measured from sunset to sunset, not from midnight to midnight like in Western countries. Each day is...
The Persian Religious Leader and the Sultan’s Generosity
The Most Important Pilgrim
The most notable person among all the pilgrims was Hadji Sheik Islam, who was the head of the Islamic church in...
Education and Equality for Women in Bulgaria
Some Bulgarian male intellectuals believed that women and men had the same intellectual abilities, but only a few argued that women should be educated...
The Beginnings of the Bulgarian Women’s Movement
The Bulgarian women’s movement started mainly in education and social work. The development of education for women in Bulgaria can be seen in several...
The Coming Conflict
There is little doubt that Bulgaria will eventually pick a fight with Turkey, even though it officially rejects revolutionary propaganda. Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria...
